Quercus robur

English oak or pedunculate oak is in the white oak group (Quercus) in the beech or Fagaceae family, and is native to most of Europe west of the Caucasus. It is a close relative of the Durmask oak (Q. petraea), with overlapping geographical range. It has many varieties and is widely planted in cities as a horticultural tree.

• Leaves are alternate, simple, shallow round-tip lobed, 3 to 6 lobes on each side, the leaf 7–14 cm long, leaves being very short-stalked (nearly sessile).
• Species is monoecious. Males are yellow-green catkins up to 8 cm long; females are very small, in leaf axils.
• Fruit is a long, narrow acorn up to 2.5 cm long, pedunculate (having a peduncle or stalk, 3—7 cm long), with 1-4 acorns on each stock. It matures in one season.